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Góra Świętej Anny (hill)
Góra Świętej Anny ((:ˈɡura ˈɕfʲɛntɛj ˈannɨ)) or St. Anne Mountain ((ドイツ語:St. Annaberg); Silesian: ) is an monadnock in Upper Silesia, Poland, next to the community of the same name. It is the location of the Franciscan monastery with the miracuolous statue of St. Anne and the imposing calvary, which is an important destination for Roman Catholic pilgrimage. It has been a strategic location important to both German and Polish nationalists, and in 1921 it was the site of the Battle of Annaberg, commemorated in the Third Reich by the construction of a Thingstätte (Amphitheatre) and a mausoleum. The theatre remains, but the Nazi mausoleum was destroyed and replaced with a monument to those who took part in the Third Silesian Uprising.
The ''Composed Cultural and Natural Landscape'' of Góra Świętej Anny was announced one of Poland's official Historic Monuments (''Pomnik historii'') by the National Heritage Board of Poland and the President of Poland.
==Geology==
The Annaberg is a volcanic cone of Tertiary basalt, the easternmost end of the Silesian volcanic belt and the easternmost occurrence of basalt in Europe.〔Review: "Dr. Partsch's 'Silesia,—A Geographical Study'", ''The Geographical Journal'', Royal Geographical Society, 7 (1896) 417–20, (p. 419 ): "the Annaberg (1350 feet), the most easterly cone of Tertiary basalt in Europe."〕〔Henning Sørensen, ''The Alkaline Rocks'', London/New York: Wiley, 1974, ISBN 9780471813835, (p. 260 ).〕〔Sidney Osborne, ''The Upper Silesian Question and Germany's Coal Problem'', London: Allen and Unwin, 1920, , p. 150: "The Annaberg, about 1300 feet high, situate() approximately ten miles southwest of Gross Strehlitz, contains beds of basalt, and it is a noteworthy fact that it is the most eastern point in Europe where basalt can be found."〕 It is high.〔"Schlesien (Preußisch-)", ''Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon'' Volume 14 ''Rudera—Soccus'', 14th ed. Leipzig: Brockhaus, 1908, (p. 499 ) 〕〔Erdmute Nieke, ''Religiöse Bilderbogen aus Neuruppin: Eine Untersuchung zur Frömmigkeit im 19. Jahrhundert'', Europäische Hochschulschriften Series 23: Theology, Volume 865, Frankfurt: Lang, 2008, ISBN 9783631571569, (p. 87 ) 〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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